In the data center network project, we must come across installing or removal fiber optical transceivers. To keep the network working in high efficiency and stability, we should know how to install and remove the transceiver optics in a right way. This article will mainly tell installation and removal of QSFP+ transceivers and DAC/AOC cables in 40G network.

About 40G QSFP+ Transceivers and DAC/AOC Cables

40 Gigabit Ethernet becomes more common in today’s data center. The equipment suitable for 40G like QSFP+ (Quad Small Form-factor Pluggable Plus), DAC (Direct Attach Copper) cables or AOCs (Active Optical Cables) are created. QSFP+ is the most common 40GbE interface type, and also as a high-density 10GbE interface via QSFP+ breakout cables. QSFP+ interfaces a network device (switch, router, media converter or similar device) to a fiber optic or copper cable, supporting data rates from 410 Gbps and supports Ethernet, Fibre Channel, InfiniBand and SONET/SDH standards with different data rate options. Compared with CFP (C form-factor pluggable) transceiver modules, QSFP+ transceiver modules are more compact and more suitable for port-density application. Two popular QSFP+ interface specifications for multimode and single-mode applications are 40GBASE-SR4 and 40GBASE-LR4. There are also some other types of 40G transceivers.

Installation/Removal of QSFP+ Transceivers and DAC/AOC Cables

Because QSFP+ transceivers and DAC/AOC cables are hot-pluggable, so you don’t need to power off the system when install or remove QSFP+ transceivers in your switch. But you still need to protect a QSFP+ module or cable from ESD (electro-static discharge) damage before doing these. Remember to wear an ESD wrist strap which is good skin contact and securely grounded. (If you are using ESD gloves, wear the wrist strap outside the ESD glove).

To Install a QSFP+ DAC Cable

The installation and removal procedures are the same for QSFP+ DAC cables and QSFP+ AOC cables. Here uses a QSFP+ DAC cable as an example:>To Install a QSFP+ DAC CableStep 1. Align the QSFP+ transceiver module (with the clasp on top) at one end of the cable with the port in the chassis.Step 2. Horizontally and gently push in the module to fully seat it in the port.

>To remove a QSFP+ DAC CableStep 1. Gently press and release the QSFP+ transceiver module.Step 2. Holding the cable, gently pull the clasp on the cable to pull out the transceiver module.

>To remove a QSFP+ DAC CableStep 1. Gently press and release the QSFP+ transceiver module.Step 2. Holding the cable, gently pull the clasp on the cable to pull out the transceiver module.

To Install/Remove a 40G QSFP+ to 4x10G SFP+ Cable

QSFP to 4xSFP+ breakout DAC40G QSFP+ to 4x10G SFP+ cable combines one 40G QSFP+ module on one end and four 10G SFP+ module on the other end. The installation and removal procedures of 40G QSFP+ connector are introduced above. Here only introduced the installation and removal of 10G SFP+ module:

>To Install an SFP+ Transceiver ModuleStep 1. Align the module with the SFP+ port, with the golden plating facing the spring tab in the SFP+ port. If the chassis has two rows of ports, the spring tab in a port is on the bottom in the upper row and on the top in the lower row.Step 2. Slightly press the module against the spring tab so you can push the module straight into the port.>To Remove an SFP+ Transceiver ModuleStep 1. Press the module with your thumb.Step 2. Gently pull the clasp on the cable to pull out the transceiver module.

Verifying the installation

Execute the display transceiver interface command on the device to verify that the transceiver module or DAC/AOC cable is installed correctly. If the transceiver module and DAC/AOC cable information is displayed correctly, the installation is correct. If an error message displayed, it means the installation is incorrect or the transceiver optics is not compatible.

40G transceivers are widely used in data centers now. To protect the transceivers and device from damage can not only save the cost but also ensure good performance of 40G network. That’s why we need to know how to install and remove the transceivers in a right way. In addition, by executing the display transceiver interface command, we can verify whether the installation is correct. Of course, first you should note that the transceiver optics you use is fully compatible with your device. Fiberstore offers comprehensive high-compatible 40G transceiver optics, such as 40GBASE-SR4 QSFP+, 40GBASE-LR4 QSFP+ and 40G DACs and AOCs with competitive prices. Each of them is tested in original-brand switch which ensures the 100% compatibility to your device. For more information or quotation, please contact us via sales@fs.com.

How Solar Power Electricity Works

by

Christopher Lollini

With the rising cost of electricity many homeowners are looking for alternative ways to generate the power they require, and lower their energy bills each month as a result. Home solar power systems are a great alternative energy solution for anyone looking for a clean and efficient system to provide the power their home requires. Modern solar power electricity systems are less expensive and more efficient than ever before and provide a near perfect alternative energy solution that can help you lower or even eliminate your monthly electricity bill by using nothing more than simple sunlight for fuel.

More Flexible and Less ExpensiveThese modern solar power electricity systems have seen dramatic improvements in recent years and are more flexible than ever before and less expensive as well. Because of this, many homeowners are installing one of these home solar power systems and dramatically reducing the amount of power they need to pay for each month. In addition to the savings, they can also feel good about using an alternative energy solution on their homes that is helping to eliminate the pollution associated with traditional power generation methods such as coal or oil.How It WorksThe way a typical solar power electricity system works is fairly straightforward and only requires a few components to provide your home with free power from the sun. It all starts with the solar panels that do the actual conversion of sunlight to electricity. They are able to perform this conversion through the use of photovoltaic solar cells that can generate a small current when exposed to sunlight. Each panel is a collection of these solar cells that have been connected together to provide a good bit of power as a complete panel. The power these solar panels produce is direct current (DC), which needs to be converted to alternating current (AC) before it can be used by the home.Current ConversionThe conversion of the DC current supplied by the solar panels to AC current that can be used by the home is done by a device called an inverter. The inverter is typically a large device that is located near the electrical panel of the home. The inverter has a few responsibilities in a solar power system and the conversion of power is one of them. Another thing the inverter does is supply this converted power directly to the home for use. It is typically connected between the solar power electricity system, the home and the local power utility. It has the ability to switch the home between the power being supplied by the solar power system during the day and the local utility for power in the evenings. Spinning Your Meter BackwardsThe inverter is also in charge of directing any excess power your system generates during the day that is not being used by the home, back up the power lines to the local utility. The idea is to generate more power than you are using when the solar power electricity system is active and send the surplus to the local utility. This excess power will generate a credit for your home that can be used in the evenings to offset the cost of power you need to purchase when your system is dormant. If your solar power system is sized correctly, this back and forth trading of power should cancel each other out and you’ll be left without a utility bill each month. In some areas you can even be paid for any excess power you generate beyond your home’s needs!

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